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'''Lifesteal''' is a mechanic which heals a player by a portion of the damage they deal to an opponent. There are two main types of lifesteal, each with an associated [[stats|stat]]: {{plink|Bullet Lifesteal}}, which returns a portion of the [[Bullet Damage|bullet damage]] dealt, and {{plink|Spirit Lifesteal}}, which returns a portion of the [[Spirit Damage|spirit damage]] dealt. Bullet and Spirit Lifesteal are calculated identically, but are affected by different [[item|items]].

== Formula ==
Despite being presented in-game as +X% Bullet/Spirit Lifesteal, different sources of lifesteal stack multiplicatively, not additively. With <math>n</math> different sources of the same category of lifesteal, final lifesteal <math>L_F</math> is given by:

<math>L_F = 1 - \prod_{i=1}^n (1 - L_i)</math><br/><!--this is rounded, but the game displays two different calculations where one is rounded up, and the other is rounded down--> 

where <math>L_i</math> is the lifesteal provided by the <math>i</math>th source. Bullet and Spirit Lifesteal are calculated independently of each other, but both use the same formula.

=== Example ===
With 10% Bullet Lifesteal from {{item|Crippling Headshot}} and 35% Bullet Lifesteal from {{item|Leech}}, the player's final bullet lifesteal is:

<math>L_F = 1 - (1 - 0.10) \times (1 - 0.35) = 41.5%</math><!--the stat ingame says 42%, but the calculation on hover says 41%-->

This means that any time the player deals bullet damage to any opponent (including [[denizen|denizens]]), they will immediately be healed by 41.5% of the damage dealt. Note that the in-game user interface is inconsistent in how it rounds the final lifesteal percentage.

== Bullet Lifesteal ==
{{:Bullet Lifesteal (stat)}}

== Spirit Lifesteal ==
{{:Spirit Lifesteal (stat)}}

== Melee Lifesteal ==
{{main|Melee Lifesteal|Lifestrike}}

Melee Lifesteal is not a stat. The item {{item|Melee Lifesteal}} and its upgrade {{item|Lifestrike}} both provide a passive ability which heals the user by a percentage of their [[Melee Damage|melee damage]] dealt, but they behave differently from Bullet and Spirit Lifesteal. These abilities activate for one melee attack, then go on cooldown for several seconds, during which no further health can be regained from melee attacks; Bullet and Spirit Lifesteal are always active and have no associated cooldowns. These items also grant a flat healing bonus on activation, and are less effective against non-[[hero|heroes]], neither of which is true of Bullet and Spirit Lifesteal.

{{Stats}}
[[Category:Stats]]